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Chattanooga |
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North- Major General Ulysses S. Grant
South- General Braxton Bragg What: The Confederates had possession of Missionary Ridge and Lookout Mountain. General George Thomas was the Union commander of the 40,000 troops located in Chattanooga. Joseph Hooker (U.S.) moved 20,000 more men from Virginia to the Tennessee River. William T. Sherman brought another 20,000 men from Mississippi, 6 miles north of the Tennessee River. After Sherman arrived, the Union was ready to attack. Thomas easily took over Orchard Knob on the 23 of November. Hooker came in from the left, on November 24, and took over Lookout Mountain, which was defended by 1, 200 rebels. On the 25, Sherman attacked from the right but was held to the east by the Confederates. This happened while Hooker, on the left, found that the rebels had destroyed the only bridge over Chickamauga Creek. When Grant found out that Sherman was in trouble, he sent Thomas to advance on the first line of defense for Missionary Ridge. The Confederates gave in and Thomas' army continued to advance and soon advanced over all the rebel forces. Bragg and the Confederates retreated into Georgia Where: The Battle of Chattanooga took place in Tennessee. It was fought outside the city of Chattanooga. Why: Chattanooga was very important to Abraham Lincoln, this was because rails from the city connected major distribution locations of the Confederates. He needed to take over the supply lines of the Confederacy for his plan, "divide and conquer" to succeed. How: In the end of the battle, the Union won and took over Missionary Ridge and Lookout Mountain. They succeeded in their task to take over the Confederacy's supply lines. The Confederates retreated into Georgia. Important Events: Europe, November 1863: Beginning of construction of underground railroad in London. |
Ulysses S. Grant Graduated from west
point in the bottom 4 percent of his class. He was kicked out of the army for drinking
an became a teacher. He was terrible at this job and couldn't handle the children.
He took part in other jobs before he became a general for the Union. He was very
valuable to Lincoln, who had to fire many other generals until he came upon Grant
who did his job best. Ulysses S. Grant became president in 1868. He lasted two terms
as president, which is very rare. As president, he hired many of his friends to work
for him which was a big mistake, his "friends" stole from the Union and
by the end of Grants second term, he came out of president bankrupt. He didn't want
to leave his family like this so he dedicated the rest of his life to writing an
autobiography which became a best seller.
Braxton Bragg was a writer, traveler,
artillery commander and plantation owner before the Civil War broke out. He also
had a years-long friendship with William T. Sherman before the war, which ended their
friendship. Braxton Bragg graduated from West Point and entered the army as a second
lieutenant on July 1, 1837. Before the Civil War he served in the Seminole Wars and
the Mexican-American War. During the battle of Buena Vista he saved the Americans
from defeat. Because of this, there were two attempts of assassinating him. Bragg
retired in 1850 but returned and served in the Louisiana militia. In 1861 he was
given the position of Brigadier General by the confederate States of America, and
shortly after, became full general. After his defeat at Chattanooga, he lost his
command .
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